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La Gommeuse
''La Gommeuse'' is a 1901 oil on canvas painting by the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso. It dates from his so-called Blue period and is noted for its caricature of Picasso's friend Pere Mañach painted on the reverse. It was offered for sale ''ex'' the William I. Koch collection at a Sotheby's, New York, auction on 5 November 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2015/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-n09415/lot.26.html )〕 The painting realized $67.5 million at the sale, a record for a Blue period Picasso and placing the painting among the most expensive ever sold.
''Gommeuse'' was sexually charged slang of the time for café-concert singers and their songs.〔
== Background ==
The painting was executed in the second half of 1901 following Picasso's successful exhibition at the Vollard gallery that June. This was at the start of his Blue period of 1901 to 1904, thought to have been occasioned by the suicide of his friend Carlos Casagemas earlier in the year, a time when his paintings were somewhat melancholic and characterized by somber monochromatic tones in blue and green.〔
The caricature of Picasso's friend Pere Mañach on the reverse is inscribed "Recuerdo a Mañach en el día de su santo", demonstrating the painting was intended as a gift for Mañach on his Saint's Day (29 June). Mañach was a Catalan anarchist who shared Picasso's studio flat in the Boulevard de Clichy. He worked as a talent scout for art dealers and was responsible for organising Picasso's successful 1901 Vollard show. A portrait of Mañach, now in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, was a feature of the show.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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